In 2012, the Luxembourg tax authorities issued a tax ruling in favour of Fiat Chrysler Finance Europe (‘FFT’), an undertaking in the Fiat group that provided treasury and financing services to the group companies established in Europe. The tax ruling at issue endorsed a method for determining FFT’s remuneration for these services, which enabled FFT to determine its taxable profit on a yearly basis for corporate income tax in Luxembourg. In October 2015, the Commission concluded that the tax ruling constituted State aid under Article 107 TFEU and that it was operating aid that was incompatible with the internal market. The Commission found that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was required to recover the unlawful and incompatible aid from FFT. FFT brought an action before the General Court for annulment of the Commission’s decision. In it’s Judgement of September 2019, the General Court dismissed the actions brought by FFT and confirmed the validity of the Commission’s decision. This decision was ... Read more

At issue in this case is whether the arm’s length principle as described in the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines can be applied by the EU in determining if state aid had been granted. In 2012, the Luxembourg tax authorities issued a tax ruling in favour of Fiat Chrysler Finance Europe (‘FFT’), an undertaking in the Fiat group that provided treasury and financing services to the group companies established in Europe. The tax ruling at issue endorsed a method for determining FFT’s remuneration for these services, which enabled FFT to determine its taxable profit on a yearly basis for corporate income tax in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. In 2015, the Commission concluded that the tax ruling constituted State aid under Article 107 TFEU and that it was operating aid that was incompatible with the internal market. The Commission found that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was required to recover the unlawful and incompatible aid from FFT. FFT brought an action ... Read more

In 2012, the Luxembourg tax authorities issued a tax ruling in favour of Fiat Chrysler Finance Europe (‘FFT’), an undertaking in the Fiat group that provided treasury and financing services to the group companies established in Europe. The tax ruling at issue endorsed a method for determining FFT’s remuneration for these services, which enabled FFT to determine its taxable profit on a yearly basis for corporate income tax in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. In 2015, the Commission concluded that the tax ruling constituted State aid under Article 107 TFEU and that it was operating aid that was incompatible with the internal market. The Commission found that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was required to recover the unlawful and incompatible aid from FFT. FFT brought an action before the General Court for annulment of the Commission’s decision. In it’s Judgement of September 2019 Union , the General Court dismissed the actions brought by FFT and confirmed the validity of the ... Read more

A Const S.A. filed an appeal with the Central Administrative Court against a corrections made by the Tax Administration for FY 1990 under application of the arm’s length principle (contained in article 57 of the CIRC in Portugal). The Central Administrative Court dismissed the appeal. An appeal was then filed against this decision to the Supreme Administrative Court. By Judgment of 4 February 2004, the appeal was also dismissed at this instance. Dissatisfied with that decision A Const S.A. filed an appeal with the Constitutional Court. Grounds for the appeal was stated as follows “In compliance with the provisions of nº 2 of art. 75-A of the LTC it is moreover expressly stated that the present appeal is based on the concrete review of the constitutionality of art. 57 of the CIRC (in the wording in force on the date of the facts of the case, applicable in casu) taking into account its applicability in the contested decision: a. either ... Read more

ALP S.A. filed an appeal with the Central Administrative Court against a corrections made by the Tax Administration for FY 1992 under application of the arm’s length principle (contained in article 57 of the CIRC in Portugal). The Central Administrative Court dismissed the appeal. An appeal was then filed against this decision to the Supreme Administrative Court. By Judgment of 6 June 2001, the appeal was also dismissed at this instance. Dissatisfied with that decision ALP S.A. filed an appeal with the Constitutional Court. ALP S.A grounds for the appeal was: By virtue of the Principle of Tax Legality, the rules of incidence must be predetermined in their content, and the elements that comprise it must be formulated in a precise and determined manner. Determining the content of the levy tax rule excludes the use of undetermined concepts, as well as certain normative concepts, whose application to the specific case is based on subjective or personal assessment of the enforcement ... Read more