The selection of the denominator should be consistent with the comparability (including functional) analysis of the controlled transaction, and in particular it should reflect the allocation of risks between the parties (provided said allocation of risks is arm’s length, see Section D.1.2.1 in Chapter I). For instance, capital-intensive activities such as certain manufacturing activities may involve significant investment risk, even in those cases where the operational risks (such as market risks or inventory risks) might be limited. Where a transactional net margin method is applied to such cases, the investment-related risks are reflected in the net profit indicator if the latter is a return on investment (e.g. return on assets or return on capital employed). Such indicator might need to be adjusted (or a different net profit indicator selected) depending on what party to the controlled transaction bears that risk, as well as on the degree of differences in risk that may be found in the taxpayer’s controlled transaction and in comparables. See paragraphs 3.47-3.54 for a discussion of comparability adjustments.
TPG2022 Chapter II paragraph 2.92
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By OECD
Category: OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines (2022), TPG 2022 Chapter II: Transfer Pricing Methods | Tag: Comparability adjustments, Most appropriate net profit indicator, Return on assets or return on capital employed, Transactional net margin method (TNMM), Transactional profit methods, Transfer pricing methods
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